落伍文学

GRAMMATICAL ERRORS OF STANDARD AUTHORS（第3页）

"Withouthavihis，wewillbeataloss，iandingseveralpassagesintheclassics。"—Blair'sLectures。

"hatcauseourpastreverseshavebeenoillhaveourselvestoblame，iftheyareagai;—Alison'sHistoryofEurope。

Adverbialmistakesoftenothebestwriters。Theadverbratherisawordveryfrequentlymisplaced。ArchbishopTrenhis"EnglishPasta;writes，"Itrathermodifiedthestructureofourseheelementsofourvocabulary。"Thisshouldhavebee;Itmodifiedthestructureofourseherthasofourvocabulary。"

"SofarashismodeofteaggoesheisratheradiscipleofSocratesthanofSt。PaulorWesley。"

ThuswritesLeslieStephensofDr。Johnson。Heshouldhavewritten，—"SofarashismodeofteaggoesheisadiscipleofSocratesratherthanofSt。PaulorWesley。"

&ionisapartofspeechwhichislyusedbysomeofthebestwriters。ouivesandverbsrequireparticularprepositiohem，foriheworddifferentalrepositionfromafterit?prevailtakesupoo?accordtakeswith，andsoon。

Inthefollolestheprepositiohesesaretheoshouldhavebeenused:

"Hefoudifficulty。"—Hume'sHistland。

"Ifpoliprevailupon（over）force。"—Addison。

"Hemadethedisduh）hisfriends。"—Swift'sTaleofaTub。

"Everyoffiandshouldbeiopersonson（in）whomtheparliamentshallfide。"—Macaulay。

&hemostcelebratedwritersihesofstylebyplagprepositionsattheeences。ForinstanceCarlyle，iotheStudyofBur;Ourowntributionstoit，weareaware，bebutsdfeeble?butweofferthemwithgoodwill，andtrusttheymaymeettahosetheyareintendedfor。"

—"forwhomtheyarei;heshouldhavewritten。

"Mostwritershavesomeoneveinwhichtheypeculiarlyandobviouslyex。"—WilliamMinto。

Thissentenceshouldread，—Mostwritershavesomeoneveininwhichtheypeculiarlyandobviouslyexcel。

Manyauthorsuseredundantwordswhichrepeatthesamethoughtahisiscalledtautology。"Notwithstandingwhich（however）poorPollyembracedthemallaround。"—Dis。

"Ijudgedthattheywould（mutualy）fiher。"—Crockett。

"ashavieda（joiweewopowersintheMoroccoquestion。"—TheTimes。

"Theonlyseioobe）istofranklyaowledgeliesbeyond。"—DailyTelegraph。

"LordRoseberyhasnotbudgedfromhisposition—splendid，nodoubt，—of（lonely）isolation。"—TheTimes。

"MissFoxwas（ofteMrs。Chick。"—Dis。

"Thedeck（it）wastheirfieldoffame。"—Campbell。

"Hehad，aswasly）hiswont，"—Trollope。

TheselorsoftheSultan（ueto）remaiheTimes。

Seriously，（andapartfromjesting），thisisnolightmatter。—Bagehot。

Togobacktoyourowntrywith（theessthatyougobackwith）theseywelldone。—LordHalsbury。

ThePeresvietlostb-topsand（inappearahemostdamagedofalltheships

&imes。

ittedthat，thatwasafairsuggestiohesubmittedthatitwasborhe（surrounding）ces。—Ibid。

Anotherunnecessaryuseofhrasesisthatwhichistermedcircumlo，agoingaroundthebushwhenthereisnooforit，—savetofillspace。

Itmaybelikeoapersonwalkiawosidesletoreachtheobjet。Forihequotation:"PopeprofessedtohavelearnedhispoetryfromDryden，whom，ortunityresented，hepraisedthroughthewholeperiodofhisexistehunvariedliberality?andperhapshischaractermayreeillustration，ofaparisoedbetweenhimandthemanwhosepupilhewas"muchemaybeelimihesehussed:

"PopeprofessedhimselfthepupilofDrydenoopportunity?andhischaractermaybeillustratedbyaparisonwithhismaster。"

"Hislifewasbroughttoa1910atafarfromtheohesacredwriterasthetermofhuma;

Thisiybeput，"Hislifewasbroughttoacloseattheageofseventy?"or，betteryet，"Hediedattheageofseventy。"

"Thedaywasintenselycold，sofactthatthethermometertothezeromark，"beexpressed:"Thedaywassocoldthethermisteredzero。"

Manyauthorsresorttocircumloforthepurposeof"padding，"thatis，fillingspace，orwherikeasnaginwritinguposofwhiowlittle。Theyoungwritershouldsteerclearofitaoexpresshisthoughtsandideasasbrieflyaspossibleehlucidityofexpression。

Volumesoferrorsinfagrammar，didgeyle，couldbeseletheworksofthegreatwriters，afactwhitlytestifiesthatnooneisitheverybestisliabletoerrattimes。However，mostihesewritersarisesfromessorhurry，notfromalaowledge。

Asageisinwritingthatthescholarisliabletoslip?inoralspeechheseldommakesablunder。Infact，therearemanypeopleerfectmastersofspeeakeablunderiiowhnorantoftheveryprinarandwouldnotknoriteaselyonpaper。Sushavebeenainfahelanguagespokelyaheproperwordsandformsbeesaseaturetothem。Alearnwhatisrightaseasyaswhatiswrongandressionsaremadeonthemiisplasticwillremainthere。Evenaparrotbetaughttheproperuseoflaoaparrot。—"Twoandtwomakefour"anditneverwillsay"twoandtwomakesfour。"

Inwritiisdifferent。Withoutakhefualsofgrammarwemaybeabletospeakcorreassowithgoodspeakers，butwithoutsuowledgeetowritethelaly。Towriteevenaoknowtheprinciplesofstru，therelationshipofooaherefore，itisnecessaryforeverybodytouleasttheessentialsofthegrammarofhiso